programming-examples/go/directories/directories.go
2019-11-18 15:02:35 +01:00

96 lines
2.2 KiB
Go

// Go has several useful functions for working with
// *directories* in the file system.
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"os"
"path/filepath"
)
func check(e error) {
if e != nil {
panic(e)
}
}
func main() {
// Create a new sub-directory in the current working
// directory.
err := os.Mkdir("subdir", 0755)
check(err)
// When creating temporary directories, it's good
// practice to `defer` their removal. `os.RemoveAll`
// will delete a whole directory tree (similarly to
// `rm -rf`).
defer os.RemoveAll("subdir")
// Helper function to create a new empty file.
createEmptyFile := func(name string) {
d := []byte("")
check(ioutil.WriteFile(name, d, 0644))
}
createEmptyFile("subdir/file1")
// We can create a hierarchy of directories, including
// parents with `MkdirAll`. This is similar to the
// command-line `mkdir -p`.
err = os.MkdirAll("subdir/parent/child", 0755)
check(err)
createEmptyFile("subdir/parent/file2")
createEmptyFile("subdir/parent/file3")
createEmptyFile("subdir/parent/child/file4")
// `ReadDir` lists directory contents, returning a
// slice of `os.FileInfo` objects.
c, err := ioutil.ReadDir("subdir/parent")
check(err)
fmt.Println("Listing subdir/parent")
for _, entry := range c {
fmt.Println(" ", entry.Name(), entry.IsDir())
}
// `Chdir` lets us change the current working directory,
// similarly to `cd`.
err = os.Chdir("subdir/parent/child")
check(err)
// Now we'll see the contents of `subdir/parent/child`
// when listing the *current* directory.
c, err = ioutil.ReadDir(".")
check(err)
fmt.Println("Listing subdir/parent/child")
for _, entry := range c {
fmt.Println(" ", entry.Name(), entry.IsDir())
}
// `cd` back to where we started.
err = os.Chdir("../../..")
check(err)
// We can also visit a directory *recursively*,
// including all its sub-directories. `Walk` accepts
// a callback function to handle every file or
// directory visited.
fmt.Println("Visiting subdir")
err = filepath.Walk("subdir", visit)
}
// `visit` is called for every file or directory found
// recursively by `filepath.Walk`.
func visit(p string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
if err != nil {
return err
}
fmt.Println(" ", p, info.IsDir())
return nil
}